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When topical treatment stops working

Published 13 March 2026 ·Last reviewed 13 March 2026 by the editorial team ·How we create our content

At a glance

You were using a topical treatment for your fissure — GTN, diltiazem, or similar — and it was helping. Now it seems to have stopped working, or the improvement you had has reversed. This is a frustrating but recognisable pattern.

This guide covers the common reasons this happens and the practical steps to take.

Common reasons topical treatment loses effectiveness

The fissure has become chronic

If the treatment was managing an acute fissure that has now developed chronic features — fibrosis, a sentinel pile, deep groove — the cream may no longer be sufficient. Chronic fissures often need more intervention than topical treatment alone.

Stool management has slipped

This is the most common and most fixable reason. Over time, dietary habits drift — less fibre, less water, more processed food. A single hard bowel movement can re-tear a healing fissure and undo weeks of progress. If this resonates, refocusing on stool management may restore the treatment’s effectiveness.

The cream was masking rather than healing

Sometimes the topical treatment relaxes the sphincter enough to reduce pain, but the fissure itself was not fully healing. When the treatment is reduced or stops being as effective, the underlying problem becomes apparent again.

Application has changed

Over weeks and months, application technique can drift — less cream, less precise placement, less consistent timing. Small changes in how the cream is applied can affect how well it works.

Tolerance

For some medications, the body can develop a degree of tolerance over extended use, reducing the treatment’s effectiveness. This is more commonly discussed with GTN than with diltiazem.

What to do

Step 1: Review the basics

Before escalating treatment, check:

  • Stool management — are you still eating enough fibre and drinking enough water? Are your stools consistently soft?
  • Application — are you applying the cream correctly, consistently, at the right frequency?
  • Sitz baths — are you still doing them regularly?
  • Toilet habits — have you developed any habits (prolonged sitting, straining) that could be re-injuring the fissure?

Addressing a slip in basics can sometimes restore the treatment’s effectiveness.

Step 2: Contact your clinician

If the basics are in place and the treatment has genuinely stopped working:

  • Describe what has changed — when the treatment stopped being effective, what the symptoms are now
  • Ask about switching topical treatments — if you were on GTN, diltiazem may work, and vice versa
  • Ask about the next options — botox, fissurectomy, LIS
  • Discuss whether the fissure has become chronic and needs a different approach

Step 3: Understand the options

The common next steps when topical treatment is no longer sufficient:

  • Switch creams — try the alternative topical treatment
  • Botox injection — delivers sphincter relaxation more directly
  • Fissurectomy — removes chronic fissure tissue
  • LIS surgery — the most definitive surgical option

Your clinician will recommend based on your specific situation — how long you have had the fissure, what features it has, and your preferences.

The key message

A topical treatment stopping working does not mean you are out of options. It means the condition needs a reassessment and possibly a different level of intervention. The path forward is clearer than it feels — contact your clinician, describe what has changed, and discuss the next step.

Common questions

Why would a topical treatment stop working?

Several reasons are possible. The fissure may have progressed to a chronic stage with structural changes that cream cannot address. Stool management may have slipped, causing repeated re-injury. The treatment may have never fully healed the fissure, with symptoms returning once the cream's relaxant effect wore off. Or the application technique may have changed over time.

Should I try a higher dose or more frequent application?

Do not adjust your treatment without consulting your clinician. Increasing the dose or frequency may cause more side effects without improving effectiveness. Your clinician can advise whether adjustment, switching to an alternative, or escalating to a different treatment is the right step.

Can I switch between GTN and diltiazem on my own?

Switching should be discussed with your prescriber. While both treat fissures through sphincter relaxation, they work through different mechanisms and have different side effect profiles. Your clinician can advise on the switch and provide the correct prescription.

When to seek care Heavy bleeding or feeling faint? Get emergency help now. Emergency: 911

Not sure how urgent it is? Get help today.

  1. Emergency

    Heavy bleeding, black tarry stools, feeling faint, severe pain or trouble breathing.

    Call 911 or go to the ER.

  2. Today

    Fever, pain getting worse, a hot swollen lump, or trouble passing urine.

    Call your doctor or go to urgent care.

  3. Soon

    Bleeding or bowel changes nobody has checked, or anything lasting 3 weeks.

    Book a doctor’s appointment.

Feeling overwhelmed? Call or text 988, any time.

See all the signs

For this topic, get medical advice if you notice:

  • Heavy or persistent bleeding that does not settle
  • Severe pain that is getting worse rather than better
  • Fever or signs of infection
  • Symptoms that have not improved after 4 to 6 weeks of self-care

Recording how you feel is not the same as being checked. These are the signs that need a doctor’s attention.

Call 911 or go to the emergency room now if you have:

  • bleeding that will not stop, a lot of blood (the toilet water turns red, or you pass large clots), or any bleeding with feeling faint or dizzy
  • fainting, a racing heart or trouble breathing
  • confusion or slurred speech, extreme shivering, no urine in a day, or blotchy skin
  • sudden severe belly pain, or a swollen, hard belly with vomiting or not passing stool or gas
  • you cannot pass urine at all, or your bladder feels full and painful and you can’t empty it
  • redness, swelling or severe pain spreading quickly around your anus, genitals or groin, especially with a fever or feeling very ill
  • a fever with a painful swelling near your anus if you have diabetes or a weakened immune system (for example, from chemotherapy or transplant medicines)
  • black, tarry stools

Call your doctor or go to urgent care today (or the ER if you can’t be seen today) if you have:

  • a temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, chills, vomiting, or feeling generally unwell
  • pain that is getting worse over days, or severe pain that stops you sitting or sleeping
  • a hot, swollen or very tender lump near your anus or at the top of the crease between your buttocks, or foul-smelling discharge
  • trouble urinating
  • bleeding that is getting heavier or more frequent, or blood mixed into your stool
  • feeling much more tired than usual, looking pale, or getting out of breath more easily than you used to
  • not passing stool for several days, or new belly pain

Make an appointment with your doctor if:

  • you have never had these symptoms checked by a doctor or nurse — whatever your age
  • you have had rectal bleeding for more than 3 weeks
  • your bowel movements have been looser, thinner or more frequent than usual for 3 weeks or more, or you have lost weight without trying
  • symptoms have not settled after a week or so, or keep coming back
  • you notice a new lump near your anus, between your buttocks or in your belly, or an itch or discharge that does not clear
  • you have new leakage or trouble controlling your bowels
  • you are 45 or over, or have a family history of bowel cancer or inflammatory bowel disease, and any of these symptoms are new for you

If you are unsure, it is always reasonable to ask. If things feel overwhelming, call or text 988 (Suicide & Crisis Lifeline) or chat at 988lifeline.org, any time. If you don’t feel safe, call 911.

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